List of the recognized Capsicum taxa with their growth form, corolla shape and color, fruit shape and color, seed color, chromosone number and geographic distribution. Seeds of all species are reniform except in C.pubescense, where they are irregular

Species and variety

Growth form

Corolla shape and color

Fruit shape and color

Seed color

2n

Geographic distribution

C.annuum L var. annuum

Herb or subshrub (1-2 m)

Stellate , white or cream (exceptionally violet)

Highly variable shape, violet, red, orange, yellow or green

Yellowish

24

Cultivated worldwide

var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser & Pickersgill [syn. = var. minimum (Mill.) Heiser]

Herb or subshrub (1-2 m)

Stellate , white or cream

Ovoid or spherical, red

Yellowish

24

S USA, Mexico, Antilles, Belize, Honduras, El salvador, Panama, Costa rica, Gautamala, Ecuador, Peru, N and NE Brazil

C. baccatum L var. baccatum

Shrub (0,6-3,5 m)

Stellate , white with greenish spots in the throat

Ovoid or elliptic, red

Yellowish

24

Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Paraguay, S and SE Brazil, N Argentina

var. pendulum (Willd.) Eshbaugh

Shrub (0,6-3,5 m)

Stellate , white with greenish spots in the throat

Elliptic or fusiform, red or yellow

Yellowish

24

Cultivated in USA, Mexico, Costa rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Chili, Argentina, India

var. umbilicatum (Vellozo) Hunz. & Barboza

Herb or subshrub (1,6-2 m)

Stellate , white with greenish spots in the throat

Umbonate umbilicate, red

Yellowish

24

Cultivated in USA, Mexico, Jamaica, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina

C. caballeroi M.Nee

Herb, shrub or tree  (1-7 m)

Campanulate; lemon yellow

Spherical; red

Yellowish

?

Bolivia; COCH,SC (endemic)

C. campylopodium Sendtn.

Shrub (0,7-1,1m)

Stellate; white with golden spots in the throat

Spherical compressed; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil; FS, MG, RJ (endemic)

C. cardenasii Heiser & Smith

Shrub (1m)

Campanulate; violet lobulus with azure throat

Spherical; red

Brownish

24

Bolivia; LP (endemic)

C. ceratocalyx M.Nee

Shrub (1,5m)

Rotate; yellow with green spots in the throat

Spherical; red

?

?

Bolivia; LP (endemic)

C. chacoense Hunz.

Shrub (0,4-0,8m)

Stellate; white

Ovoid or elliptic; red

Yellowish

24

S Bolivia, Paraguay, N and C Argentina

C. chinense

Herb or shrub        (0,5-2m)

Stellate; white or cream

Spherical or conical; red, orange, yellow or white

Yellowish

24

Cultivated in USA, Mexico, Central America, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Argentina, China, Japan

C. coccineum (Rusby) Hunz.

Herb or climbing subshrub (1,5-3m)

Stellate; yellowish white with purplish spots in the throat

Spherical; orange or red

Brownish

?

Peru, Bolivia

C. cornutum (Hiern.) Hunz.

Shrub (1,2-1,8m)

Rotate; white with violet or brownish spots in the throat, green in the tube

Spherical depressed; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil; RJ, SP (endemic)

C.dimorphum (Miers) Kuntze

Shrub (1,5-2m)

Stellate; yellow, sometimes with violet spots in the throat

Spherical; orange or red

Brownish

?

Colombia, Ecuador

C.eximium Hunz.

Herb shrub or tree (0,6-4m)

Stellate; white with violet lobulus, greenish in the tube

Spherical; red

Brownish

24

S Bolivia, N argentina

C.flexuosum Sendtn

Shrub (0,5-2m)

Stellate; white with greenish spots in the throat

Spherical depressed; red

Blackish

24

Paraguay, S and SE Brazil, NE Argentina

C. friburgense Bianchetti & Barboza

Shrub (0,8-2,5m)

Campanulate urceolate; pink or lilac

Spherical depressed; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil; MG, RJ (endemic)

C.frutescense L.

Herb or shrub        (1-2m)

Stellate; white or cream

Elongate; red

Yellowish

24

Cultivated in USA, Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, India, China, Japan

C. galapagoense Hunz.

Shrub (1-4m)

Stellate; white

Spherical; red

Yellowish

24

Ecuador, Galapagos Island (endemic

C. geminifolium (Dammer) Hunz.

Shrub (0,7-4m)

Rotate; white or yellowish with violet spots in the throat

Spherical; red

Brownish

?

Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

C. hookerianum (Miers) Kuntze

Shrub (1-3m)

Stellate; Ochre

Spherical; color unknown

Brownish

?

S Ecuador, N Peru, (endemic)

C. hunzikerianum Barboza & Bianchetti

Shrub (1-3m)

Stellate; white with purple spots in the lobulus and throat yellowish in the tube

Spherical; yellowish green

Blackish

?

Brazil; SP (endemic)

C. lanceolatum (Greenm.) Morton & Standley

Herb or shrub        (1-5m)

Stellate campanulate; white or yellowish

Spherical; pale orange or red

Brownish

26

Mexico, Guatamala

C.mirabile Mart. (syn. = C.buforum Hunz)

Herb or shrub (0,5-3m)

Stellate; white with purple spots in the lobulus, greenish in the throat and tube

Spherical; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil; MG, RJ, SP, (endemic)

C. parvifolium Sendtn

Shrub or tree (1,5-5m)

Rotate; white with purple spots in the lobulus, geenish in the throat and tube

Spherical; orange or red

Brownish

24

Colombia, Venezuela, NE Brazil

C.pereirae Barboza & Bianchetti

Shrub (0,5-3m)

Stellate; white with purple spots in the lobulus, yellowish in the throat and tube

Spherical; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil: ES, MG, SP (endemic)

C. praetermissum Heiser & Smith [syn. = C. baccatum var. Praetermissum (Heiser & Smith) Hunz.]

Herb or shrub (0,8-1,8m)

Rotate; white with purple lobule margins and greenish spots in the throat

Spherical or elliptic; orange red

Yellowish

24

Central ans SE Brazil, Paraguay

C.pubescense Ruiz & Pav.

Shrub (0,8-2m)

Rotate; purple or violet in the lobulus, white or yellowish in the tube

Turban-shaped, spherical or elongate; red, orange or yellow

Blackish

24

Cultivated in Mexico, Central and South America

C.recuvatum Witas

Herb or shrub (0,5-3m)

Stellate; white with greenish spots in the throat

Spherical; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil: RJ, SP, PN, SCA (endemic)

C.rhomboideum (Dunal) Kuntze [syn. = C.ciliatum (Kunth) Kuntze]

Shrub or small tree (0,8-4m)

Rotate; yellow

Spherical; red

Blackish

26

Mexico, Guatamala, Honduras, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru

C.schottianum Sendtn

Shrub (1,2-3m)

Stellate; White with violet or brownish spots in the throat, greenish in the tube

Spherical; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil: MG, RJ, SP (endemic)

C.scolnikianum Hunz.

Shrub ca. 1,5m

Campanulate; yellowish white

Spherical depressed; red

Brownish

?

Ecuador: EO, Peru: PI (Endemic)

C. tovarii Eshbaugh, Smith & Nickrent

Shrub (1m)

Stellate; variable color (purple or cream, cream with greenish spots in the lobules)

Spherical; red

Brownish

24

Peru: AY, HU, JUN (endemic)

C.villosum Sendtn

Subschrub or shrub (1-3m)

Stellate; White with violet or brownish spots in the throat, greenish in the tube

Spherical; yellowish green

Blackish

26

Brazil: MG, RJ, SP (endemic)